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Headache & Migraine

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What is Headache & Migraine?

Headache is a common condition that can vary in intensity and cause. Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, often severe headaches that may be associated with other symptoms.

Migraine episodes typically occur in phases and can last from a few hours to several days, affecting daily activities and quality of life.

Types of Headaches

  • Tension Headache – Mild to moderate pain, often related to stress
  • Migraine – Recurrent, throbbing headache often with nausea
  • Cluster Headache – Severe pain occurring in clusters or cycles
  • Secondary Headache – Due to underlying medical conditions

Symptoms of Migraine

  • Throbbing or pulsating headache (often one-sided)
  • Sensitivity to light and sound
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Visual disturbances (aura)
  • Fatigue and difficulty concentrating

Triggers

Migraine attacks may be triggered by:

  • Stress and anxiety
  • Irregular sleep patterns
  • Certain foods and beverages
  • Hormonal changes
  • Screen exposure and bright lights

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation and patient history.

  • Detailed medical history
  • Neurological examination
  • Imaging (MRI/CT scan) if required

Treatment

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing future episodes.

  • Medications for pain relief
  • Preventive medications for frequent migraines
  • Lifestyle and dietary modifications
  • Stress management techniques

Prevention

  • Maintain regular sleep patterns
  • Stay hydrated
  • Avoid known triggers
  • Practice stress reduction techniques
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